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Course Contents

A. Population Ecology 1. Population structure and plant demography: Seed dispersal, Seed Bank, Seed dormancy, Recruitment, Demography 2. Life history pattern and resource allocation: Density dependent and density independent factors, Resource allocation, Reproductive effort, Seed size vs. seed weight, Population genetics, Evolution B. Community Ecology: Historical development of community ecology, Community concepts and attributes, Ecological succession, Community soil-relationship, Major formation types of the world C. Ecosystem Ecology: Ecological concepts of ecosystem ,Boundaries of ecosystem? Compartmentalization and system concepts, Energy flow in ecosystem, Biogeochemical cycles: water carbon and nitrogen Case studies: any example Practicals Determination of seed bank in various populations. Seed dispersal pattern of local populations. Demography and life history of local annual population. Study of community attributes. Sampling of vegetation including Quadrat, plotless, transect and Braun-Blanqut. Correlate soil properties with vegetation type. Field trip to study different communities located in different ecological regions of Pakistan. Slide show of the vegetation of Pakistan. Slide show of the major formations of the world. Soil physical and chemical properties.



Population ecology intro

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Plant demography

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seed bank

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seed dormancy

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population genetics

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historical development of community ecology

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ecological succession

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Major formation types of world

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Ecosystem ecology

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energy flow in ecosystem

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biogeochemical cycles

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water cycle

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carbon cycle

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nitrogen cycle

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Biogeochemical cycles: water carbon and nitrogen

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Book Title : Plant Ecology
Author : Schultz et al.
Edition : 2005
Publisher : Springer Verlag



Book Title : Essentials of Ecology
Author : Townsend et al.
Edition : 2003
Publisher : Blackwell Publishing



Book Title : The Ecology of Plants
Author : Gurevitch, et al.,
Edition : 2002
Publisher : Sinauer Associates, Inc.







Title : Community Ecology and Ecosystem
Type : Presentation

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Title : Biogeochemical cycles
Type : Presentation

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Title : population Ecology
Type : Presentation

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Title : Life history pattern and some related concepts
Type : Assignment

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Title : Life history pattern and some related concepts
Type : Assignment

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Title : Major formation types
Type : Presentation

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Title : seed bank
Type : Presentation

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Title : Major formation types of world
Type : Presentation

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