Course Contents

Course Title: NUCLEAR PHYSICS Course Code: Maj/Phy-204 Credit Hours: 3+1 Semester: IV Paper: IV PRE-REQUISITE: Intermediate with Physics and Math or A-Level Physics OBJECTIVES: To understand the Nuclear Structure using different Nuclear Models, To understand Nature of Nuclear forces, To give understanding of Radioactivity and Nuclear Reactions. COURSE OUTLINES PROPERTIES OF NUCLEUS: Discovery of Atomic Nucleus, Nuclear Mass, Nuclear Charge, Nuclear Sizes, Nuclear Radii, Baindridge Mass Spectrometer, Angular Momentum and Nuclear Magnetic Moment, Nuclear Masses and Binding Energy, Mass Defect an Packing Fraction, Nuclear Forces and Models – Potential Well Model, Liquid Drop Model, Shell Model NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY: Natural Radioactivity, Half Life of Radioactive Element, Law of Radioactive Decay, Average and Mean Life of a Radioactive Element, Radioactive Equilibrium, Radioactive Dating, Alpha Decay: Charge and Mass Ratio of Alpha Particle, Beta Decay: Velocity of Beta Particle, Spectrum of Beta Rays, Gamma Decay:Internal conversion Electron, Neutrino and Pair Production NUCLEAR REACTION: Nuclear Reaction, Examples of Nuclear Reaction, Q-Value of Nuclear Reaction, Exoergic and endoergic Nuclear Reactions, Threshold Energy, Cross Section for Nuclear Reactions, Discovery and Properties of Neutron, Nuclear Fission chain reaction, Nuclear Reactor (Explanation of Different parts of Reactor), Moderator, Critical Size and Critical Mass, Different types of Nuclear reactors, Boiling Water Reactor, Pressurized Water Reactor, Liquid Metal Reactor, Fission Chain Reaction in Uranium Breeder Reactor and Enrichment. ELEMENTARY PARTICLES: Basic forces—The gravitational force, The weak force, The electromagnetic force, The strong force, Unification of forces, Particle accelerators: : Linear accelerator, Cyclotron, Classification of Elementary Particles, Conservation Laws, RECOMMENDED BOOKS • Halliday, R.Resnick, K.S. Krane – Physics John Willey & sons, Inc 1992. • Kaplan, Nuclear Physics, Addison Wisley, 1980 Green, Nuclear Physics, Mc Graw-Hill 1995 LAB-IV Semester: IV Credit Hours: 01 Pre-requisites Intermediate with Physics and Math or A level Physics List of Experiments 1. With the help of Sextant, determine (1) vertical distance between two points (2) height of an inaccessible object. 2. To determine the wave length of sodium light by Newton’s rings. 3. To determine the wave length of sodium light using a diffraction grating. 4. To study the characteristics of a Geiger-Muller counter. 5. To setup a half wave and full wave rectifier and study wave shape on an oscilloscope. 6. To study the characteristic curve of a Transistor. 7. To setup a single stage transistor amplifier and measurement of voltage gain. 8. To set up a transistor oscillator measurement of its frequency by using an oscilloscope. 9. To setup and study various logic gates (AND, OR, NOT) using diode and to develop their truth table. Note: At least six experiments to be performed and university may opt for other experiments according to the avail