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THEORY 1_Phylum hemichordata and chordata: General characteristics 2_Fishes: superclass agnatha (classification up to class levels), super class gnathostomata (classification up to class levels), locomotion, nutrition and digestive system, circulation and gas exchange, swim bladder and lungs, buoyancy regulation, nervous and sensory functions, excretion and osmoregulation, reproduction and development 3_Amphibians: order caudata, order gymnophora, order anura, external structure and locomotion, support and movement, nutrition and digestive system, circulation, gas exchange, temperature regulation, nervous and sensory functions, excretion and osmoregulation, reproduction, development, metamorphosis 4_Reptiles: order chelonia, order rhynchocephala, order squamata, order crocodilia, external structure and locomotion, support and movement, nutrition and digestive system, circulation, gas exchange, temperature regulation, nervous and sensory functions, excretion and osmoregulation, reproduction, development 5_Birds: external structure and locomotion, skeleton, muscles, flight, nutrition and digestive system, circulation, gas exchange, temperature regulation, nervous and sensory functions, excretion and osmoregulation, reproduction, development, nesting activities, migration and navigation 6_Mammals: classification up to subclass level, external structure and locomotion, skull and teeth, skeleton, nutrition and digestive system, circulation, gas exchange, temperature regulation, nervous and sensory functions, excretion and osmoregulation, reproduction, development, reproductive cycles, modes of development PRACTICALS 1_Study of representatives of fishes 2_Study of representatives of amphibians 3_Study of representatives of reptiles 4_Study of representatives of birds 5_Study of representatives of mammals


Course Learning Outcomes

TEACHING AND LEARNING STRATEGIES 1. Lectures: 45 - 48 2. Practicals: 10 – 15 3. Assignment/ Presentations: one per student 4. Class Test: once per semester


Balanoglossus capensis (Cape Acorn Worm)

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Nautilus: The Acorn Worm

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Hemichordate Spawning

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Phylum Chordata

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Phylum Chordata: Which animals belong?

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Chordates CrashCourse Biology

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Eptatretus stoutii (Hagfish) feeding

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Paddlefish Parasites

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The Evolution of Fish

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The Evolution of early Fish

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Evolution of Amphibians

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Evolution of Early Reptiles

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Transformation: Dinosaurs to Birds

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The Origin of Birds

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The Evolution of Early Mammals

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From the Fall of Dinos to the Rise of Humans

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Book Title : Zoology
Author : Miller, S.A. and Harley, J.B.
Edition : 5th
Publisher : McGraw Hill



Book Title : Integrated Principles of Zoology
Author : Hickman, C.P., Roberts, L.S. and Larson, A.
Edition : 11th
Publisher : McGraw Hill







Title : Introduction to Course
Type : Presentation

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Title : Phylum Hemichordata
Type : Presentation

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Title : Phylum Chordata
Type : Presentation

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Title : Fish - P1
Type : Presentation

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Title : Fish - P2
Type : Presentation

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Title : Amphibians - P1
Type : Presentation

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Title : Amphibians - P2
Type : Presentation

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Title : Locomotion of Reptiles
Type : Other

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Title : Reptiles
Type : Presentation

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Title : Birds - P1
Type : Presentation

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Title : Birds - P2
Type : Presentation

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Title : Mammals
Type : Presentation

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