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Course Contents

 Introduction  Meaning of research  Objectives of research  Difference between Social & Physical Sciences with respect to research methodology  Classification of Research  Basic  Applied Research  Historical  Exploratory  Descriptive  Explanatory  Causal  Ethnography  Paradigms of research  The Building Blocks of Research:  Concepts  Hypothesis  Variables  The Research Process  Elaboration of research process  Methods of Research  The Case Study method  Document Analysis  Sampling  Data Collection Tools:  Observation (Types & Ethical considerations)  Interviews,  Questionnaire  Research Proposal/ Synopsis  Proposal  Methodology  The Literature Overview  Format of Synopsis  Select Bibliography  Thesis / Dissertation/ Report writing  Referencing/ Citation: APA, and Chicago Manual Style

Course Synopsis

This course is designed to develop the basic skills and create a theoretical understanding of research methods to carry out different types of research and analysis in social sciences. This theoretical base will strengthen the students’ capacity to undertake systematic and analytical study of issues and problems relevant to the field of study with an emphasis on problem solving. For this purpose, the course has been divided into two parts. In part 1 theoretical side of methodology will be covered and in part II the students will be required to pass through actual research process by writing a dissertation on a topic of their interest. The prior approval of the topic is essential. Part two is actually designed to evaluate the understanding of the basic principles of research by a participant. This part will also help develop skills by understanding and undertaking an actual research project by following a complete research process.

Course Learning Outcomes

This course provides a basic understanding of research techniques and their usage in practical field. It would enable the students to conduct research in their respective fields by applying multiple tools and methods.


This link illustrates a comprehensive lay out of Chicago manual style, reference style in Notes and Bibliography format and Go to Author-Date. It will help students to understand "Reference & Citation" topic mentioned in course description.

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The above link provides a detail description of APA reference style 6th edition through text and video recording. It would help the students to understand the topic of “Reference and citation”, mentioned in the course description.

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The above link provides a detail description of APA reference style 6th edition through text and video recording. It would help the students to understand the topic of “Reference and citation”, mentioned in the course description.

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This link entails the main points in making research proposal. One of the links also provides a sample of research proposal. It would help students to understand the topic of “Research Proposal/ Synopsis”, mentioned in the course description.

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This link entails the main points in making research proposal. One of the links also provides a sample of research proposal. It would help students to understand the topic of “Research Proposal/ Synopsis”, mentioned in the course description.

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This link entails the main points in making research proposal. One of the links also provides a sample of research proposal. It would help students to understand the topic of “Research Proposal/ Synopsis”, mentioned in the course description.

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The above links would enable the students to understand the topic of research process. Research process is explained in a step wise format which provides validity and objectivity to the research.

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The above links would enable the students to understand the topic of research process. Research process is explained in a step wise format which provides validity and objectivity to the research.

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The above links would enable the students to understand the topic of research process. Research process is explained in a step wise format which provides validity and objectivity to the research

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Every university has its own particular format of synopsis writing and thesis. This link explains faculty wise format of synopsis and thesis writing of Lahore College for Women University, LCWU, Lahore

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Every university has its own particular format of synopsis writing and thesis.This link explains faculty wise format of synopsis and thesis writing of Lahore College for Women University, LCWU, Lahore.

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The above links are useful to understand the topic of ‘Research writing skills”

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The above links are useful to understand the topic of ‘Research writing skills”

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The above links are useful to understand the topic of ‘Research writing skills”

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Book Title : Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches
Author : W. Lawrence Neuman
Edition : Seventh Edition
Publisher : Pearson
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Book Title : Research Methods Handbook Introductory guide to research methods for social research
Author : Stuart MacDonald & Nicola Headlam
Edition : -
Publisher : Centre for Local Economic Strategies
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Book Title : Cases, Numbers, Models: International Relations Research Methods
Author : Detlef F. Sprinz and Yael Wolinsky
Edition : 2ND (2004)
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
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Title : Sampling
Type : Presentation

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