Course Contents

• DNA: The genetic material: Introduction, polynucleotide chains, DNA as double helix, Semiconservative DNA replication, Nucleic acid hybridized by base pairing, Mutations, Genetic code, Transposons, Plasmids • DNA Replication: Chromatin; heterochromatin, euchromatin, chromosome structure with reference to coiling and nucleosome during different phases of cell cycle, Replication (mechanism, DNA replication in prokaryotes specially with reference to variety of DNA polymerases and other proteins involved, DNA replication in Eukaryotes with special reference to DNA polymerases, concept of Replicons, Operones, Enhancers, Repressor) • Central Dogma: Transcription (variety of RNA and their characteristics, synthesis of mRNA, rRNA and tRNA with special reference to enzymes, involved, RNA splicing, split genes, concept of Ribozymes and posttranscriptional processing), RNA transduction, Translation (with reference to the specific role of Ribosomes, various factors, and posttranslational processing) • DNA Repair & Epigenetic effects: Introduction, Mechanism of DNA repair system in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, Epigenetic effects on inheritance. Books Recommended: • Genes IX. Benjamin Lewin, 2008. Jhons & Bartlett Publishing Inc., New York. • Molecular Biology. Robert, F.,Weaver. 2003. McGraw-Hill, New York. • Cell and Molecular Biology. De Robertis, E. D. P. and De Robertis Jr. E. N. F. 1987. Lea & Febiger, New York. Practicals: • Extraction of genomic DNA from prokaryotes. • PCR amplification of DNA fragment. • PCR cloning of amplified DNA. • Restriction digestion and agarose gel electrophoresis of cloned DNA. • Probe labeling of cloned fragment of DNA. • Southern blotting of cloned DNA • DNA hybridization.