Course Contents

• General introduction to the science of Biochemistry Structure and function of eukaryotes and prokaryotes cells Organelle and their functions • Structure and Function of Bio-molecules Structure and functions of nucleic acid Types of nucleic acids; DNA and RNA, the double helix (A, B & Z) Semi conservative nature of DNA replication Circular DNA, DNA replication and recombination, mechanism of DNA repair. • Structure and Functions of Proteins Introduction to protein, classification, characteristics, properties of amino acids, peptide and disulfide bonds Primary, Secondary and Tertiary and quaternary structures, roles of non-covalent and weak interactions present in Proteins • Working with Proteins How to isolate and purify proteins from biological samples • Concept of protein structure-function relationship Reversible binding interactions: structure function relationship of myoglobin and hemoglobin. Complementary binding: structure and functions of various components of immune system; interaction of phagocytic cells and antibodies with antigen; use of antibodies in research. Function of proteins in normal and diseased state. Practical 1. Extraction and qualitative analysis of chlorophyll, phenolics, alkaloids and flavonoids 2. Extraction of proteins from plant sources & their confirmative tests (Sources: Wheat, Rice Barely, Maize, Pulses etc) 3. To estimate DNA by diphenyl method in given plant sample 4. To detect and estimate DNA and RNA by UV_VIS spectrophotometery 5. To resolve the given DNA sample by agrose gel electrophoresis 6. To carry out immunoelectrophoresis 7. To produce polyclonal antibodies against a given antigen BOOKS RECOMMENDED: 1. Fundamentals of Biochemistry. (2008) 3rd Ed. by D. J. Voet, G.J. Voet and C. W. Pratt. J. Wiley & Sons Inc. 2. Molecular Cell Biology (2000) 4th Edition. H. Lodish, A. Berk, L. Zipursky, P. Matsudaira, D. Baltimore & J. Darnell. W.H. Freeman. 3. Introduction to Modern liquid chromatography (1979) by L.L.Snyder & J.J Kirkland. John Wiley & Sons 4. Lehninger, A.L., Nelson, D.L. and Co. N.M., (2008). Principles of Biochemistry. W. H. Freeman; 5th edition. 5. Lab manual in Biochemistry, immunology and Biotechnology by Arti Nigam and Archana Ayyagari. TATA McGraw Hill publishers.2007.

Course Synopsis

Our MS course of Chemistry of Bio-molecules will give a thorough understanding of biochemistry of bio-molecules, describing the structure and function of cell, its organelles and vital bio-molecules like DNA and protein. This has objectives of teaching students the essential roles of bio-molecules along with their structure and function relationship. Therefore preparing them to understand the advanced learning of DNA, effect of environment on its structure, its repair, recombinant DNA, proteins, their structure, classification, isolation and their role in immunity. It will also help students to understand the parts of an immune system fighting against disease causing proteins.

Course Learning Outcomes

After completion of this course students will be able to 1. Understand the structure of cell and bio-molecules 2. Understand Structure and function relationship of DNA and protein 3. Explain the Vital roles of protein in living organisms 4. Describe the proteins as part of immune system 5. Explain the immune responses 6. Extract the main bio-chemicals of plants for research purposes